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What is Symfony's service container, and how does dependency injection work within a typical Symfony application? How does Doctrine ORM integrate with Symfony to let you work with database records as PHP objects, and what role do entities play in this? What are Symfony events and event listeners, and how do they let different parts of an application react to something happening without tightly coupling that logic together? How does Symfony's security component handle authentication and authorization, including the concept of voters for fine grained access control decisions?
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How does Symfony's caching and configuration compilation process contribute to strong production performance, and what needs to happen when deploying an updated version of a Symfony application?

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Symfony compiles a significant amount of configuration, including the entire service container definition and routing table, into optimized, cached PHP code, meaning this potentially expensive work only needs to happen once rather than being repeated on every single incoming request, which contributes significantly to Symfony's strong production performance, but this also means that whenever you deploy updated code to production, you must clear and rebuild this cache, since serving stale cached configuration alongside newly deployed code can lead to confusing and hard to diagnose bugs.
php bin/console cache:clear --env=prod
php bin/console cache:warmup --env=prod
Real-world example A deployment pipeline for a Symfony application automatically clears and rewarms the production cache immediately after deploying new code, ensuring the application always runs against a freshly compiled configuration that accurately reflects the newly deployed code.

Common follow-ups: What specifically gets stored within Symfony's compiled cache?;What issues can occur if the cache is not properly cleared after a deployment?

Performance Optimization & OPcache;Deployment & Hosting for PHP Applications
All 7 Symfony Framework Essentials questions