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Bookkeeping › Sales & Purchase Ledgers

Why are the sales and purchases ledgers called memorandum (subsidiary) ledgers?

Beginner

Answer

They are memorandum because they hold the detail of individual customer/supplier balances but are not themselves part of the double-entry system—the double entry is captured in the control accounts in the nominal ledger. The subsidiary ledgers provide the who-owes-what breakdown supporting the single control-account total.
Real-world example The sales ledger lists each debtor, but the double entry sits in the receivables control account.

Common follow-ups: Where does the double entry actually sit? | What do subsidiary ledgers provide?