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What internal controls are important in a computerized accounting system?

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Answer

Key controls: access controls and user permissions (segregation of duties enforced by roles), regular backups and disaster recovery, the audit trail, input validation and mandatory fields, authorization workflows, period locking/closing, reconciliations, and IT general controls (security, change management). These protect data integrity and prevent fraud.
Real-world example Role-based permissions prevent the person entering invoices from also approving payments in the software.

Common follow-ups: How do user permissions enforce segregation? | Why lock closed periods?